Friendship / Enemies
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How do penguins check for enemies and show friendship?

Penguins check for "enemies" or predators simply by keeping a good look out. On land this generally means looking up as most predators are other birds such as Skuas.

It is a bit misleading to ask about how penguins show "friendship" as we simply do not know whether penguins actually make "friends" at all. However, male and female penguins do form partnerships to mate and raise chicks and they display and call to one another to reinforce the pair bond - whether this is a sign of "friendship" or simply to make sure they can recognise one another we cannot say.